Each year, we offer lily of the valley to our loved ones on May 1st. It is a tradition that we never escape and if you are in France on this day, it will be greatly appreciated if you follow this tradition as well!
Why are we offering lily of the valley on May 1st?
There are two origins to this custom:
The first dates to the Middle Ages. This pretty little bell plant native to Japan is spreading in Europe. It comes at the end of winter and symbolizes spring. The Celts even said that it brought good luck. At that time, young men hung a sprig of lily of the valley on the door of their future bride to reveal their love to them! What romantic !!!
But the one who really started the tradition is Charles IX in the 16th century. Every year he offered a sprig of lily of the valley to all the ladies of the court. But it was in 1900 that the whole population began to follow this tradition after the great Parisian couturiers offered a sprig of lily of the valley to every woman in their sewing workshop. Christian Dior has even made it the symbol of his fashion house.
These delicate bells with such a pleasant scent are relatively easy to find in the forest. Therefore this tradition has spread so quickly throughout France.
Nowadays, May 1st is the delight of florists. It is fashionable to give a small bouquet of lily of the valley to everyone you love. It must be admitted that it is women who benefit the most, it is much less common to offer it to men.
What does it have to do with Labor Day?
It’s only in the early 20th century that this little spring flower was associated with Labor Day. Labor Day appeared in France in 1889 in memory of the Chicago May 1, 1886 movement. From that moment, May 1 becomes THE day of demonstrations and demands in France and the demonstrators wear a touch of lily of the valley on their jackets. It is a public holiday but those who must work on this day receive double pay. It is also the only day when everyone has the right to sell lily of the valley freely and without paying any tax.
And the unions in all this?
May Day is the time for unions to march and show their influence. There are 5 main unions:
FO: labor force
The CGT: the general confederation of workers
The CFDT: French democratic confederation of labor
The CGC: general confederation of executives
The CFTC: Confederation of Christian Workers
Trade unions defend the economic and professional interests of employees. They still play an especially important role in negotiations with the state. The unions are paid by the contributions of their members as well as by certain subsidies. But we have noticed in recent years that they tend to decline in popularity.
As you already know, the French are grumbling, and a bit revolutionary at heart! They fight for their rights and protesting is a right that they use without denying themselves to obtain social progress. It would be unthinkable to imagine a May 1st without demonstrations!!